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                <h1>Turquoise</h1>
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<td width="568"><strong>Turquoise &#8211; International Crystals Encyclopedia <a href="https://www.gemzworld.com/">https://www.gemzworld.com/</a></strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></td>
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<td width="568">&nbsp;</td>
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<td width="568">&nbsp;</td>
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<td width="568"><strong>Origin</strong> &#8211; <em>the place or situation from which something comes, the beginning of something’s existence, the point from which it starts out, the thing from which it is ultimately derived.</em></td>
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<td width="568">Turquoise is a hydrated phosphate of aluminium and copper. Formed as a secondary mineral, the crystal occurs from the oxidation and weathering of pre-existing minerals where the perculation of acidic aqueous solutions occur.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The stone is mainly found in the veins or fractures of altered volcanic rock (that contains a mixture of secondary minerals, such as chalcopyrite and malachite, in itself) in arid areas.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>On occasions sources may be found that originate from hydrothermal processes at high temperature within a significant depth. These formations rise upwards and the secondary minerals are formed as the process cools. This is referred to as a hypogene origin.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The main sources of Turquoise are found in Iran, Sinai and the U.S.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>All crystals belong to a different group according to the basis of the relationships of their axes. There are 7 systems and 32 classes of symmetry. Turquoise crystals belong to the Triclinic system.</p>
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<td width="568">&nbsp;</td>
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<td width="568"><strong>History</strong> &#8211; <em>the past considered as a whole, the whole series of past events connected with someone or sometihing, a continuous typically chronological record of importance.</em></td>
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<td width="568">Turquoise has been revered throughout the ages and is thought to be one of the oldest gems that was first brought into Europe.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>It was worn by the Aztecs, the Shan Dynasty of China and the rulers of anicent Egypt amongst other great ancient tribes.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The Aztecs wore turquoise in ceremonial masks and artifacts as well as using it to adorn weaponry and ornamentation. As well as the Aztecs, the Apache, Pueblo and Navajo tribes used it as an amulet as it was thought to promote a sure fire aim in battle.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>In Persia and India the gem was used for decoration on headwear and objects of use, like bridles. It was also used in esteemed architectural buidlings like the Taj Mahal.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The gem has been revered for centuries as a talisman were it was believed to be holy and bring good fortune. Evidence of turquoise was found as far back as 3000 BC in ancient egyptian grave sites and was known to have been worn around the wrist and necks of the ancient persians to ward off impending doom and unnatural death.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Turquoise is still a prized gem today and used widely in jewellery and ornamentation.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</td>
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<td width="568">&nbsp;</td>
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<td width="568"><strong>Specification</strong> &#8211; <em>the act of describing or identifying something precisely, a detailed description of the design and materials used to make something. </em></td>
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<td width="568">Turquoise has a conchoidal fracture with a waxy to sub vitreous luster. The cleavage is good to perfect and the stone has a bluish white streak. Turquoise measures 5-7 on the Mohs scale hardness rating.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</td>
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<td width="568">&nbsp;</td>
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<td width="568"><strong>Varieties</strong> &#8211; <em>a number or range of things of the same general class that are different or distinct in character or quality.</em></td>
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<td width="568">Turquoise is a crystal where the variety is mainly determined by the source location. Types include but are not limited to;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<ul>
<li>Persian</li>
<li>American</li>
<li>Mexican</li>
<li>Egyptian</li>
<li>Turquoise Matrix</li>
</ul>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</td>
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<td width="568">&nbsp;</td>
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<td width="568"><strong>Esoteric Attributes</strong> &#8211; <em>a quality or feature as characteristic of or possed by something.</em></td>
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<td width="568">Crystals by their very nature are able to receive and focus energy in different ways. Their molecular structure enables them to be used to amplify and convert energy and hence crystals have been used for centuries to aid healing and transmute energy both in the metaphysical and physical world.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Because each crystal family has different formational backgrounds, each also has different vibrational frequencies that can be harnesed and used for specific purposes. Each therefore have specific qualities that can be used to help a person heal on the many different levels of their being.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The following is a list of healing attributes associated with Turquoise crystals.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</td>
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<td width="568"><strong>Mental:</strong> Turquoise is an aid to the identification of the cause of ones happiness or sadness and then to master those emotions.</td>
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<td width="568">&nbsp;</td>
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<td width="568"><strong>Emotional:</strong> Turquoise is a stone of harmony that makes one more cheerful. The crystal is also a protection against outside or external influences.</td>
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<td width="568">&nbsp;</td>
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<td width="568"><strong>Physical:</strong> Turquoise is an aid to the alleviation of cramps, stomach pains, gout and rhuematism. It also helps with hyperacidity and exhaustion.</td>
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<td width="568">&nbsp;</td>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Crystal Chart &#8211; Turquoise</strong></p>
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<td width="284"><strong>Crystal: </strong></td>
<td width="284">Turquoise</td>
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<td width="284"><strong>Mineralogy:</strong></td>
<td width="284">Alkaline copper aluminium phosphate</td>
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<td width="284"><strong>Geometric form:</strong></td>
<td width="284">Triclinic</td>
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<td width="284"><strong>Formation:</strong></td>
<td width="284">Secondary</td>
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<td width="284"><strong>Family:</strong></td>
<td width="284">Phosphates</td>
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<td width="284"><strong>Birthstone: </strong></td>
<td width="284">Turquoise is the traditional birthstone of those born in the month of December. The crystal is also associated with the astrological signs of Scorpio, Pisces and Sagittarius.</td>
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<td width="284"><strong>Appearance:</strong></td>
<td width="284">Turquoise has a conchoidal fracture with a waxy to sub vitreous luster. The cleavage is good to perfect and the stone has a bluish white streak. Turquoise measures 5-7 on the Mohs scale hardness rating.</td>
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<td width="284"><strong>Aura:</strong></td>
<td width="284">Turquoise is a healing and protective stone that is used to channel the communicative energies between the spiritual and physical realms.</td>
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<td width="284"><strong>Colour:</strong></td>
<td width="284">Blue to Green hues of colour</td>
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<td width="284"><strong>Chakra:</strong></td>
<td width="284">Turquoise is primarily asssociated with the Throat Chakra where it opens clear communication channels to the heart and releases old behavoiurs that are not required any more. The stone is also associated with the Third Eye Chakra.</td>
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><em>International Crystals &#8211; References and resources: </em></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Michael Gienger, <em>Healing Crystals</em>, Earthdancer Books, 2009</p>
<p>The Columbia Encyclopedia, <em>Crystal</em>, 6th ed. 2014</p>
<p>World of Earth Science, <em>Quartz</em>, 2003</p>
<p>Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology, <em>Crystal Healing<strong>, </strong></em>2001</p>
<p>http://gemstone-dictionary.com/birthstones-by-month.php</p>
<p>New Oxford American Dictionary</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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